Airway adjuncts are simple devices used to help maintain a patent airway and support oxygenation and ventilation in patients who are unable to adequately maintain their own airway.

The selection of an airway adjunct should be based on patient condition, level of consciousness, airway assessment findings, and the provider’s scope of practice.

Common airway adjuncts include:

• Oropharyngeal Airway (OPA)
• Nasopharyngeal Airway (NPA)

Oropharyngeal Airways (OPA) are designed for unconscious patients who lack a gag reflex. The device helps prevent the tongue from obstructing the airway and can improve airway patency during assisted ventilation.

Nasopharyngeal Airways (NPA) are inserted through the nasal passage and may be used in patients with an intact gag reflex or patients who cannot tolerate an OPA. NPAs are commonly used in trauma care and are often well tolerated by conscious or semi-conscious patients.

Key considerations for airway adjuncts include:

• Select the appropriate size device.
• Lubricate NPAs prior to insertion.
• Monitor for proper placement and effectiveness.
• Continuously reassess airway patency.
• Be prepared to escalate airway management if the patient’s condition deteriorates.

While airway adjuncts can significantly improve airway patency, they do not replace ongoing airway assessment. Providers must continuously monitor the patient and recognize when additional airway interventions may be required.

Remember: Airway adjuncts support the airway, but they do not secure the airway.