A tension pneumothorax is a life-threatening chest injury that occurs when air becomes trapped in the pleural space and cannot escape. As pressure builds, the affected lung collapses and both respiratory and circulatory function become compromised.

Tension pneumothorax may develop following penetrating or blunt chest trauma and should be suspected in any trauma patient with worsening respiratory distress. 

Assessment findings may include:

  • Increasing respiratory distress
  • Unilateral diminished or absent breath sounds
  • Tachypnea
  • Tachycardia
  • Decreasing SpO2
  • Chest pain
  • Signs of shock
  • Tracheal deviation and JVD – Late signs.

Tension pneumothorax is a clinical diagnosis. Do not delay treatment while waiting for additional confirmation when the patient is deteriorating. 

The primary treatment goal is to relieve pressure within the pleural space.

If it’s closedopen it.

Early recognition, timely intervention, and continuous reassessment are essential.

Remember: Tension pneumothorax is a treatable cause of preventable trauma death. Recognize it early and act decisively.

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